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Title:Neutron Stars, Supernovae & Supernova Remnants
Author:Oktay H Gusienov, Efe Yazgan & Askin Ankay (eds)
ISBN:1600215483 : 9781600215483
Illustrations:tables & charts
Format:Hardback
Size:180x260mm
Pages:187
Weight: .598 Kg.
Published:Nova Science Publishers - February 2007
List Price: 59.5 Pounds Sterling
Availability:In Print
Subjects:ASTRONOMY; SPACE & TIME: Astrophysics


In the 1930s scientists discovered that the universe is expanding and that it is quite old. The observation of hydrogen lines in the spectrum of the sun helped Niels Bohr construct his atomic model in 1912, and understand the optical spectra of atoms. This era marked the transition of astronomy into astrophysics. With the rapid technological progress, scientists were able to study the universe in different ways that enabled them to observe what could not be observed using ordinary telescopes. Technology enabled scientists to see the universe in x-rays, gamma rays, radio waves and even look inside stars with neutrinos. One of the most important results of these developments, the observation of very high energy particles from cosmic distances, led to a complete new branch of physics, namely high energy physics, and provided a valuable tool to understand the very high energy processes going on in the universe such as in shock fronts of supernova remnants. In the 1960s very important discoveries in astrophysics like the microwave background radiation from the Big Bang, quasars, X-ray binaries, pulsars and cosmic X-ray sources followed. A significant interest in astrophysics prevailed and many physicists began to work on these new objects and processes. Among many great physicists, Yakov B. Zeldovich and Igor D. Novikov are worth noting especially because of their efforts which accelerated the theoretical and phenomenological researches in all of these branches of astrophysics. Astrophysics began to push the boundaries of physics and our world view. Astrophysical results were rewarded with Nobel prizes. Three of these Nobel prizes (1974, 1993, 2002) were given to works on neutron stars. This book is mainly devoted to neutron stars and to objects related to them.

Neutron Stars; Introduction; Development of the Physics, Degenerate Stars and the First Steps in Estimating Neutron Star Mass; The Main Steps in Constructing Neutron Star Models and their Origins; Searches of Neutron Stars and Black Holes; Neutron Stars and Black Holes in X-ray Binaries; Main Physical Properties; Discussion and Conclusions. Core Collapse Supernovae; The Collapse and the Explosion; Neutrino Emission; Rotation, Asymmetry, Anisotropy and Magnetic Fields; Wind from Accretion Disk; Neutrino Oscillations and the Neutrino Signal from SN 1987A; Fall-Back Disks; Conclusion. The Magnetic Field of Pulsars; Introduction; Superfluidity of Hadronic Matter; Superfluidity of Nuclear Matter in Neutron Star; Vortex Structure of the Neutron Superfluid as a Consequence of Rotation; Entrainment Effect in the Hadronic Core of a Star; Theory of Superfluidity in a Two-component Fermi System near the Phase Transition Temperature Phase Transition Temperature; Three-velocity Magnetohydrodynamics of Super Fluid Solutions; Magnetic Field Generation in Pulsars; London Equation for a Superfluid Solution; Gibbs Free Energy for a Two-component Superfluid; Clusters of Proton Vortices in a Neutron Vortex; Average Density of Neutron Vortices and Average Magnetic Induction of the Star; Vortex-free Zone; The Structure of the Magnetic Field of a Neutron Star; Superconductivity of Quark Matter; Solution of Ginzburg-Landau Equations for "2SC" Phase; The Magnetic Field Components; Free Energy of "CFL" Phase; Ginzburg-Landau Equations for the "CFL" Phase; Vortex Structure in "CFL" Phase; Solution of Ginzburg-Landau Equations in "CFL" Phase; The Magnetic Field Components in "CFL" Phase; Conclusion. Evolutions of Neutron Stars and their Magnetic Fields; Introduction; Radio Pulsars; Recycled Radiopulsars; Magnetic Field Damping During Accretion; Formation of Single Recycled Pulsars: Enhanced Evaporation; X-ray Binaries; Relativistic Dipole Interpretation of the Spectral Feature in Her X-1; Cyclotron Harmonics in the X-ray Pulsars; Magnetars; Discussion; Conclusions. Supernova Remnants in Nearby Galaxies; Introduction; Emission of SNRs in Different Frequency Domains; Radio SNRs in Nearby Galaxies; Introductive Remarks for 11 Nearby Galaxies with Identified Radio SNRs; The Sample of Radio SNRs in Nearby Galaxies; Optical and X-ray SNRs in Nearby Galaxies; Combination of Radio, Optical and X-ray Data Sets; Summary. Connections between Supernova Remnants, Neutron Stars and Supernovae; Introduction; The Frequency of Supernova Explosions and the Birth Rates of Different Types of Neutron Stars in our Galaxy; What is known about the Chemical Abundances from Optical Observations of Supernova Remnants?; Examination of Differences between C- and S-type Supernova Remnants and the Supernova Remnants which Contain Different Types of Neutron Stars Together with the Supernova Remnants which possibly lack any Point Sources; Stellar Collapse, Neutrino Radiation and Supernova Explosion; Discussion and Conclusions. Index.